The gut microbiota in cancer immunity and immunotherapy



Summary

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in shaping both local and systemic immune responses, significantly impacting cancer development and response to immunotherapy. Specific bacterial species can enhance or suppress anti-tumor immunity by modulating immune cell populations and cytokine production. Immunotherapies like checkpoint inhibitors can be more effective in patients with favorable gut microbiota compositions, leading to improved tumor control and survival. Conversely, dysbiosis can hinder treatment efficacy. Modulating the gut microbiota through dietary interventions, fecal microbiota transplantation, or probiotics/prebiotics holds promise for improving cancer immunotherapy outcomes by optimizing the immune system’s ability to fight cancer.

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