The rapidly evolving paradigm of neoadjuvant immunotherapy across cancer types



Summary

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NAIT), administering immunotherapy before surgery, is rapidly changing cancer treatment. Early trials show promising results, including higher rates of pathological complete response (pCR) and improved event-free survival compared to standard adjuvant approaches in various cancers like melanoma, lung, and bladder cancer. NAIT allows for in-vivo assessment of treatment response and potential immune system priming against residual disease. Despite its potential, challenges remain, including managing immune-related adverse events and identifying biomarkers to predict response and optimize patient selection. Further research is needed to define optimal regimens, biomarkers, and long-term outcomes.

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