Lessons from neoadjuvant immunotherapy in melanoma: understanding antitumour immunity and tumour escape



Summary

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in melanoma is revealing crucial insights into anti-tumor immunity and tumor escape mechanisms. Pre-treatment tumor samples allow for detailed analysis of immune cell infiltration and T-cell receptor clonality, providing a baseline understanding of pre-existing immunity. Treatment-induced changes, such as increased T-cell activation and tumor infiltration, are associated with better clinical outcomes. Conversely, mechanisms of resistance, including loss of antigen presentation and emergence of immune checkpoint ligands, are being identified. These studies are informing the development of more effective immunotherapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches to overcome resistance and enhance anti-tumor responses in melanoma.

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