TIGIT in cancer: from mechanism of action to promising immunotherapeutic strategies



Summary

TIGIT (T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) is an inhibitory receptor on T and NK cells that dampens anti-tumor immunity. It competes with the activating receptor CD226 for binding to ligands like CD155 and CD112, found on tumor cells and antigen-presenting cells. By suppressing T-cell activation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic activity, TIGIT allows tumors to evade immune destruction. Targeting TIGIT with blocking antibodies or engineered cells is emerging as a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy, particularly in combination with other immune checkpoint inhibitors like anti-PD-1. Clinical trials are exploring the efficacy and safety of TIGIT-directed therapies in various cancers, aiming to unleash the full potential of the immune system to fight tumors.

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