Anti-tumor immunity is boosted by loss of TGFβ-driven tissue residency – New Study
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s41590-025-02224-5
Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells acquire HOBIT expression and features of tissue-resident memory cells. This TGFβ-driven process is dispensable for tumor control by immune checkpoint blockade, but disrupting TGFβ signaling in HOBIT-expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes enhances anti-tumor immunity.
Summary
A new study in Nature Immunology reveals that CD8+ T cells infiltrating tumors express HOBIT, adopting characteristics of tissue-resident memory cells. This process is driven by TGFβ. While HOBIT expression doesn’t impact the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade, targeting TGFβ signaling specifically within these HOBIT-expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes boosts anti-tumor immunity. This suggests a novel therapeutic approach: inhibiting TGFβ specifically within HOBIT-expressing T cells to enhance the immune response against cancer, even in settings already using checkpoint inhibitors.
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