Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 29 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01206-w

Modification of the nucleotide pool is emerging as key to innate immunity in animals, plants and bacteria. This Review explains how immune pathways conserved from bacteria to humans manipulate the nucleotide pool to block viral replication and produce immune signalling molecules.



Summary

A new review in Nature Reviews Immunology (July 2025) highlights the critical role of nucleotide pool modification in innate immunity across kingdoms. The article explores how diverse organisms, from bacteria to humans, utilize this mechanism to combat viral infections. By manipulating the nucleotide pool, cells can both directly inhibit viral replication and generate essential immune signaling molecules. This conserved pathway underscores the fundamental importance of nucleotide metabolism in orchestrating effective immune responses against viral threats.

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