Nature Immunology, Published online: 15 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s41590-025-02276-7

Here the authors show a function for lymph nodes in the maintenance of effector T cell differentiation and function during chronic infection and checkpoint blockade, identifying a spatial component in the regulation of exhausted T cell fitness.



Summary

A Nature Immunology study published on September 15, 2025, reveals a novel role for lymph nodes in sustaining effector T cell activity during chronic infections and checkpoint blockade therapies. The research pinpoints a crucial spatial element within lymph nodes that influences the fitness of exhausted T cells. Essentially, the study demonstrates that lymph nodes are not just sites of initial immune activation, but actively contribute to maintaining T cell function and differentiation during prolonged immune challenges and cancer immunotherapy. This finding sheds light on how the location of T cells within lymph nodes affects their ability to combat chronic infections and tumors.

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