TLRs are blind to pseudouridine RNA – New Study
Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s41590-025-02251-2
TLRs are blind to pseudouridine RNA
Summary
A new study published in Nature Immunology reveals that Toll-like receptors (TLRs), key components of the innate immune system, are unable to detect RNA containing pseudouridine (ψ). Pseudouridine is a modified nucleoside commonly found in RNA molecules, including those used in mRNA vaccines. This finding explains why ψ-modified mRNA can evade immune detection, a crucial feature enabling its effective use in vaccines and therapeutics. The research has significant implications for understanding immune responses to RNA and optimizing the design of future RNA-based technologies.
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