Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 July 2025; doi:10.1038/s41590-025-02249-w

Carboxylation switch



Summary

A groundbreaking study published in Nature Immunology reveals a novel “carboxylation switch” mechanism in immune regulation. Researchers discovered that specific immune cells dynamically alter their metabolism by switching the carboxylation status of key enzymes. This metabolic shift significantly impacts immune cell function, either promoting or suppressing inflammatory responses. The findings suggest this carboxylation switch represents a crucial control point for immune homeostasis and potentially offers new therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiencies by manipulating cellular metabolism. Further research will focus on identifying the specific enzymes involved and developing targeted therapies based on this discovery.

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